ເຕັກນິກຂອງ A-Z: Chiptuning Lexicon ຂອງພວກເຮົາ

ສານເສບຕິດ

ສານເຕີມແຕ່ງແມ່ນສານເຄມີໃນນໍ້າມັນເຊື້ອໄຟ, ຕົວຢ່າງເຊັ່ນ: ນໍ້າມັນ.

ສີ່ລໍ້

ຂັບສີ່ລໍ້ຫມາຍຄວາມວ່າ, ບໍ່ເຫມືອນກັບຂັບລໍ້ທາງຫນ້າຫຼືຫລັງ, ວ່າທັງຫມົດສີ່ລໍ້ແມ່ນຂັບເຄື່ອນ. ປົກກະຕິແລ້ວນີ້ແມ່ນກໍລະນີທີ່ມີ SUVs ຫຼື SUVs. ຂັບສີ່ລໍ້ມີຢູ່ໃນສອງຮຸ່ນ: ຍານພາຫະນະສະເຫມີ (ເຊັ່ນຖາວອນ) ມີໄດດັ່ງກ່າວຫຼືຜູ້ຂັບຂີ່ສາມາດປ່ຽນມັນຕາມຄວາມຕ້ອງການ.

ເພົາຂັບ ແລະ ເພົາ PTO

ພະລັງງານຂອງເຄື່ອງຈັກໃນລົດແມ່ນສົ່ງຜ່ານ shafts ຂັບຈາກຜົນຜະລິດລະບົບສາຍສົ່ງໄປຫາລໍ້ຂັບ. ໃນຍານພາຫະນະທີ່ມີເຄື່ອງຈັກທາງຫນ້າແລະຂັບລົດລໍ້ຫລັງ, ມີ propshaft ຫນ້າຫາຫລັງລະຫວ່າງລະບົບສາຍສົ່ງແລະອັນທີ່ເອີ້ນວ່າໄດສຸດທ້າຍ. ມັນສິ້ນສຸດລົງໃນກ່ອງເກຍທີ່ແຕກຕ່າງ - ຈາກບ່ອນທີ່ shafts shafts ແລະ shafts ຂັບໂອນພະລັງງານໄປລໍ້. ເພົາ Cardan ແລະ shafts ຂັບທັງຫມົດໃນຍານພາຫະນະທີ່ມີ suspension ເອກະລາດຮຽກຮ້ອງໃຫ້ມີຂໍ້ຕໍ່. ນີ້ຊົດເຊີຍການເຄື່ອນໄຫວທີ່ເປັນໄປໄດ້ຂອງຫນ່ວຍຂັບຫຼືແມ້ກະທັ້ງການເຄື່ອນໄຫວຂອງລໍ້ໃນລະຫວ່າງການບີບອັດແລະການຟື້ນຕົວ.

ສະຫາຍ

ທໍ່ລະບາຍອາກາດ (Exhaust manifold) ແມ່ນສ່ວນປະກອບທີ່ກ່າວເຖິງ, ເຊິ່ງຕິດຢູ່ກັບຫົວກະບອກສູບໂດຍກົງຂອງເຄື່ອງຈັກ. ໃນ manifold ເກັບກໍາທາດອາຍຜິດເກັບກໍາທໍາອິດ. ລະບົບໄອເສຍແມ່ນຕິດກັບທໍ່ລະບາຍອາກາດກັບເຄື່ອງປິດສຽງ, ອະທິບາຍໂທລະພາບ Nord ໃນ Hanover. ນອກເຫນືອໄປຈາກ manifold ຂ້າງ exhaust, ຍັງມີ manifold intake - ທີ່ນີ້ sucked ອາກາດໄປຮອດຫົວກະບອກ. ເພື່ອໃຫ້ມີອິດທິພົນຕໍ່ຄຸນລັກສະນະຂອງເຄື່ອງຈັກ, ທໍ່ໄດ້ຖືກປັບຢູ່ດ້ານການກິນແລະໄອເສຍຂອງເຄື່ອງຈັກເພື່ອໃຫ້ປະສິດທິພາບທີ່ຕ້ອງການແລະເສັ້ນໂຄ້ງຂອງແຮງບິດແມ່ນບັນລຸໄດ້. ສໍາລັບການນີ້, ຄວາມຍາວຂອງທໍ່ຕ້ອງເທົ່າກັບເທົ່າທີ່ເປັນໄປໄດ້. ນີ້ສາມາດສົ່ງຜົນໃຫ້ທໍ່ຂອງທໍ່ລະບາຍອາກາດແລ່ນເຂົ້າກັນຄືກັບພັດລົມ ແລະອັນໜຶ່ງເວົ້າເຖິງທໍ່ລະບາຍອາກາດ.

ອັດຕະໂນມັດ

ອັດຕະໂນມັດກໍານົດປະເພດຂອງລະບົບສາຍສົ່ງທີ່ເປັນໄປໄດ້ຂອງລົດ. ໃນອັດຕະໂນມັດ, ຜູ້ຂັບຂີ່ບໍ່ຈໍາເປັນຕ້ອງປ່ຽນຕົວມັນເອງ, ລາວພຽງແຕ່ກົດແກັດແລະເບກ. ຜູ້ຂັບຂີ່ສາມາດເລືອກລະຫວ່າງຫຼາຍລະດັບການຂັບລົດແລະແນ່ນອນເກຍປີ້ນກັບກັນ.

ຊີວະພາບກາຊວນ

Biodiesel ແມ່ນໄດ້ມາຈາກນໍ້າມັນພືດທີ່ມາຈາກທໍາມະຊາດຈາກພະລັງງານຂອງແສງຕາເວັນ. ນ້ ຳ ມັນພືດບໍ່ແມ່ນຕົ້ນ ກຳ ເນີດຂອງແຮ່ທາດແລະເພາະສະນັ້ນຈຶ່ງບໍ່ຂຶ້ນກັບປະຕູແຮ່ທາດ. ນີ້ເຮັດໃຫ້ biodiesel ລາຄາຖືກກວ່າກາຊວນແຮ່ທາດ.

CDI

ແບບຈໍາລອງທີ່ມີ turbo ກາຊວນ direct injection ຢູ່ Mercedes.

CDTI

CDTI ຖືກເອີ້ນຢູ່ Opel ການສັກຢາ turbo ກາຊວນໂດຍກົງ.

CGI

ດັ່ງນັ້ນ Mercedes ເອີ້ນຕົວແບບຂອງມັນດ້ວຍການສີດນໍ້າມັນໂດຍກົງ.

Chiptuning

ລົດໄຟທົ່ວໄປ

ຄໍາສັບທາງວິຊາການທົ່ວໄປແມ່ນສ່ວນຫນຶ່ງຂອງລະບົບສີດ. Common Rail ໃນເບື້ອງຕົ້ນຫມາຍຄວາມວ່າ "ການຄຸ້ມຄອງທົ່ວໄປ". ສາຍສີດແຮງດັນສູງທົ່ວໄປໄດ້ສະຫນອງທຸກກະບອກ. ລະບົບດັ່ງກ່າວໄດ້ຖືກນໍາໃຊ້ໃນເຄື່ອງຈັກກາຊວນທີ່ມີການສີດໂດຍກົງແລະໃນເຄື່ອງຈັກນ້ໍາມັນແອັກຊັງທີ່ມີອັນທີ່ເອີ້ນວ່າການສັກຢາ multipoint, ອະທິບາຍໂທລະພາບ Nord ໃນ Hanover. ໃນເຄື່ອງຈັກກາຊວນຄວາມກົດດັນສີດສູງເຖິງປະມານ 1600 bar ເປັນໄປໄດ້. ໃນລະຫວ່າງຂະບວນການສີດ, ນໍ້າມັນໄດ້ຖືກບັງຄັບຜ່ານຫົວສີດ ("ຫົວສີດ") ເຂົ້າໄປໃນຫ້ອງເຜົາໃຫມ້. ພາຍໃນວົງຈອນການເຜົາໃຫມ້ມັນເປັນໄປໄດ້ກັບລະບົບລົດໄຟທົ່ວໄປຕາມ TÜV ເພື່ອຮັບຮູ້ການສັກຢາຫຼາຍຄັ້ງຕໍ່ກະບອກ. ການສັກຢາລ່ວງໜ້າ ("ການສີດທົດລອງ") ຫຼຸດຜ່ອນສຽງດັງຈາກການເຜົາໃຫມ້ຂອງເຄື່ອງຈັກກາຊວນໂດຍກົງ.

ຄ່າ CW

ຄ່າ CW ແມ່ນຄ່າສໍາປະສິດລາກ. ລາວອະທິບາຍ Windschlpfrigkeit ຂອງແຕ່ລະຮ່າງກາຍ, ລວມທັງລົດ. ຕ່ໍາມູນຄ່ານີ້, windschlüpfiger ແມ່ນຍານພາຫະນະ.

ກາຊວນ

ນໍ້າມັນກາຊວນແມ່ນປະສົມຂອງ hydrocarbons ທີ່ແຕກຕ່າງກັນທີ່ເຫມາະສົມເປັນນໍ້າມັນເຊື້ອໄຟສໍາລັບເຄື່ອງຈັກກາຊວນ. ກາຊວນແມ່ນໄດ້ມາຈາກການກັ່ນ Rohl ເປັນເຄື່ອງກັ່ນກາງ. ອົງປະກອບຕົ້ນຕໍຂອງນໍ້າມັນກາຊວນປະກອບມີ alkanes, cycloalkanes ແລະ hydrocarbons ທີ່ມີກິ່ນຫອມ. ຕົວຢ່າງເຄື່ອງຈັກກາຊວນມີປະສິດທິພາບສູງແລະການບໍລິໂພກນໍ້າມັນຕ່ໍາກວ່າເຄື່ອງຈັກນໍ້າມັນ, ສໍາລັບຕົວຢ່າງ.

ຄວາມແຕກຕ່າງ

ຄວາມແຕກຕ່າງອະນຸຍາດໃຫ້ມີການຊົດເຊີຍຄວາມໄວລະຫວ່າງສອງລໍ້ຂັບເຄື່ອນຂອງແກນ. ນີ້ແມ່ນສິ່ງຈໍາເປັນເພາະວ່າໃນເວລາທີ່ cornering, ລໍ້ພາຍໃນເດີນທາງໃນໄລຍະທີ່ສັ້ນກວ່າລໍ້ພາຍນອກແລະດັ່ງນັ້ນລໍ້ພາຍໃນຕ້ອງການຫັນຫນ້ອຍ.

lock ຄວາມແຕກຕ່າງ

ປົກກະຕິແລ້ວລົດມີຄວາມແຕກຕ່າງ (differential), ເຊິ່ງອະນຸຍາດໃຫ້ມີຄວາມຈໍາເປັນ, inter alia, ໃນເວລາທີ່ cornering ລໍ້ຫມຸນຄວາມໄວທີ່ແຕກຕ່າງກັນ. ແຕ່ມັນມີຂໍ້ເສຍທີ່ວ່າໃນຖະຫນົນຫົນທາງທີ່ slippery, ລໍ້ຂັບລົດທີ່ມີການຍຶດຫມັ້ນຂອງຢາງຕ່ໍາສາມາດ spin ແລະຍານພາຫະນະບໍ່ກ້າວຫນ້າ. ນີ້ສາມາດປ້ອງກັນໄດ້ດ້ວຍການລັອກຄວາມແຕກຕ່າງ - ລໍ້ທີ່ມີການຍຶດຢາງທີ່ດີທີ່ສຸດແມ່ນໃຊ້ສໍາລັບການສົ່ງພະລັງງານ.

ແຮງບິດ

Torque ແມ່ນຜົນບັງຄັບໃຊ້ທີ່ຖືກນໍາໃຊ້ກັບຮ່າງກາຍແລະກໍານົດເປັນຜະລິດຕະພັນຂອງຜົນບັງຄັບໃຊ້ແລະ lever ແຂນ. ແຮງບິດຊີ້ບອກເຖິງແຮງດຶງຂອງເຄື່ອງຈັກ.

ຈໍານວນຂອງການປະຕິວັດ

ຄວາມໄວຊີ້ໃຫ້ເຫັນເຖິງການຫມຸນຂອງຫນຶ່ງ motor ຕໍ່ນາທີ. ເຄື່ອງຈັກນໍ້າມັນແອັດຊັງມີຄວາມໄວສູງກວ່າລົດກາຊວນ.

ປະຕິຍານ

ຄວາມໄວສູງເກີນໄປເປັນອັນຕະລາຍສໍາລັບເຄື່ອງຈັກ, ສາມາດນໍາໄປສູ່ການທໍາລາຍຂອງມັນ. ຜູ້ຈໍາກັດ rev ຄວນປ້ອງກັນນີ້. ໃນເຄື່ອງຈັກທີ່ທັນສະໄຫມ, ການສະຫນອງນໍ້າມັນເຊື້ອໄຟຖືກຂັດຂວາງເພື່ອປ້ອງກັນ "ການຫັນ" ຂອງເຄື່ອງຈັກ. ນີ້ຍັງຍົກເວັ້ນວ່ານໍ້າມັນທີ່ບໍ່ໄດ້ເຜົາໄຫມ້ສາມາດເຂົ້າໄປໃນຕົວກະຕຸ້ນ. ນີ້ປ້ອງກັນບໍ່ໃຫ້ນໍ້າມັນເຊື້ອໄຟຈາກການເຜົາໄຫມ້ຢູ່ທີ່ນັ້ນແລະ overheating ແລະທໍາລາຍ catalyst ເປັນຜົນມາຈາກການເຜົາໄຫມ້ຫລັງ. ເນື່ອງຈາກຂໍ້ຕົກລົງຂອງອຸດສາຫະກໍາລົດຍົນ, ປະຈຸບັນການບໍລິໂພກນໍ້າມັນໄດ້ຖືກຫຼຸດລົງສໍາລັບລົດໄວທີ່ສຸດຈາກຄວາມໄວ 250 ກິໂລແມັດຕໍ່ຊົ່ວໂມງ - ໃນຄວາມຫມາຍທີ່ກວ້າງກວ່າ, ອຸປະກອນນີ້ຍັງສາມາດເອີ້ນວ່າເຄື່ອງຈໍາກັດຄວາມໄວ.

Rev counter

tachometer ວັດແທກຈໍານວນຂອງການປະຕິວັດທີ່ motor ເຮັດພາຍໃນຫນຶ່ງນາທີ. tachometer ມັກຈະມີພື້ນທີ່ສີແດງ. ເມື່ອເຖິງເຂດສີແດງ, ຜູ້ຂັບຂີ່ຮູ້ວ່າລາວບໍ່ຕ້ອງເລັ່ງເຄື່ອງຈັກໃຫ້ສູງຂຶ້ນ. tachometer ແມ່ນປະສົມປະສານເຂົ້າໄປໃນ dashboard ແລະປົກກະຕິແລ້ວຕັ້ງຢູ່ໃນເຂດໃກ້ຄຽງໂດຍກົງກັບ speedometer.

ການສັກຢາ

Injector ເວົ້າວ່າບໍ່ມີຫຍັງນອກ ເໜືອ ຈາກນໍ້າມັນເຊື້ອໄຟຖືກສີດດ້ວຍເອເລັກໂຕຣນິກເຂົ້າໄປໃນຫ້ອງເຜົາໃຫມ້.

FAP

FAP ຫມາຍເຖິງກຸ່ມ PSA (Peugeot, Citrön) ການກັ່ນຕອງອະນຸພາກກາຊວນທີ່ກອງອະນຸພາກ soot ຈາກທາດອາຍຜິດ. ກຸ່ມເປັນຜູ້ບຸກເບີກໃນເຕັກໂນໂລຢີນີ້.

FSI

ການກໍານົດຢູ່ໃນກຸ່ມ VW ສໍາລັບການສັກຢາໂດຍກົງນໍ້າມັນ.

HDI

HDI ຫມາຍເຖິງກຸ່ມ PSA (Peugeot, Citrön) the Turbodieseldirekteinspritzer.

ຄວາມອາດສາມາດກ້ອນ

ຄວາມອາດສາມາດຂອງ cubic ແມ່ນຄິດໄລ່ຈາກ bore times stroke. ທີ່ນີ້ bore ຫມາຍຄວາມວ່າເສັ້ນຜ່າສູນກາງຂອງກະບອກສູບ, stroke piston ເດີນທາງໃນກະບອກ. ຫຼັງ​ຈາກ​ການ​ຍົກ​ຍ້າຍ​ຍັງ​ວັດ​ແທກ​ພາ​ສີ​ພາ​ຫະ​ນະ​.

ຂັບປະສົມ

ໃນການຂັບຂີ່ແບບປະສົມ, ລົດບໍ່ພຽງແຕ່ມີເຄື່ອງຈັກດຽວ, ແຕ່ເຄື່ອງຈັກສອງເຄື່ອງຈັກ. ໃນກໍລະນີຫຼາຍທີ່ສຸດ, ເຫຼົ່ານີ້ແມ່ນເຄື່ອງຈັກໄຟຟ້າແລະນໍ້າມັນເຊື້ອໄຟ. Rarer ແມ່ນຍັງມີເຄື່ອງຈັກໄຟຟ້າ / ກາຊວນ variant. ລະບົບການຄວບຄຸມເອເລັກໂຕຣນິກໃຫ້ແນ່ໃຈວ່າເຄື່ອງຈັກທີ່ມີປະສິດທິພາບຫຼາຍທີ່ສຸດແມ່ນຖືກນໍາໃຊ້, ຂຶ້ນກັບການດໍາເນີນງານ. ມໍເຕີນໍ້າມັນເຊື້ອໄຟຍັງເຮັດຫນ້າທີ່ໃນການສາກໄຟຂອງມໍເຕີໄຟຟ້າເພື່ອໃຫ້ຍານພາຫະນະບໍ່ຈໍາເປັນຕ້ອງສຽບໄຟ.

JTD

JTD ຢູ່ໃນກຸ່ມ Fiat (Fiat, Alfa, Lancia) ຕົວຫຍໍ້ຂອງ Turbodieseldirekteinspritzer.

ລະບົບທາງອາກາດ

ເຄື່ອງຄວບຄຸມການແລ່ນເຢັນເປັນອົງປະກອບກົນຈັກທີ່ຮັບປະກັນວ່າໃນລົດເກົ່າໃນໄລຍະເລີ່ມຕົ້ນທໍາອິດ, ປະສົມນໍ້າມັນແອັດຊັງ - ອາກາດບໍ່ມີ. ກັບເຄື່ອງຄວບຄຸມການແລ່ນເຢັນເຄື່ອງຈັກນໍ້າມັນແອັດຊັງເກົ່າສ້າງມາດຕະຖານການປ່ອຍອາຍພິດທີ່ດີກວ່າ, ດັ່ງນັ້ນການຕິດຕັ້ງຕໍ່ມາມັກຈະມີມູນຄ່າຍ້ອນການປະຫຍັດໃນລົດພວງມາໄລ. ການຄວບຄຸມການແລ່ນເຢັນສາມາດໃຊ້ໄດ້ກັບເຄື່ອງຈັກນໍ້າມັນເທົ່ານັ້ນ.

ຕີ

ອັນທີ່ເອີ້ນວ່າການເຄາະເຄື່ອງຈັກໃນລົດເຮັດໃຫ້ການສູນເສຍພະລັງງານແລະນໍາໄປສູ່ການໂຫຼດຄວາມຮ້ອນແລະກົນຈັກສູງ. ຜົນໄດ້ຮັບອາດຈະເປັນຄວາມເສຍຫາຍຂອງເຄື່ອງຈັກ. ປະຫວັດຄວາມເປັນມາແມ່ນວ່າໃນເຄື່ອງຈັກນໍ້າມັນແອັດຊັງ, ນໍ້າມັນເຊື້ອໄຟ-ອາກາດປະສົມໄດ້ຖືກບີບອັດໂດຍລູກສູບ ແລະສຸດທ້າຍກໍ່ເກີດໄຟໄໝ້ໃນເວລາສະເພາະໂດຍຫົວທຽນ. ຖ້າມີການຕໍ່ຕ້ານການເຄາະບໍ່ພຽງພໍຂອງນໍ້າມັນເຊື້ອໄຟ - ຫມາຍຄວາມວ່າ, ຈໍານວນ octane ຕ່ໍາເກີນໄປ - ການປະສົມນໍ້າມັນເຊື້ອໄຟ - ອາກາດ ignite ກ່ອນໄວອັນຄວນໂດຍຕົວມັນເອງ. piston ເຄື່ອນທີ່ຂຶ້ນເທິງຫຼັງຈາກນັ້ນໄດ້ຮັບການ recoil - ສິ່ງລົບກວນຜົນໄດ້ຮັບເອີ້ນວ່າ knocking.

ເຊັນເຊີເຄາະ

ເຊັນເຊີລົບແມ່ນໃຊ້ສໍາລັບການເຜົາໃຫມ້ນໍ້າມັນເຊື້ອໄຟໃນເຄື່ອງຈັກທີ່ດີທີ່ສຸດ. ມັນເປັນສ່ວນຫນຶ່ງຂອງລະບົບການຄວບຄຸມການລົບເອເລັກໂຕຣນິກ. ລະບົບນີ້ຢູ່ໃນລົດຊ່ວຍປ້ອງກັນອັນທີ່ເອີ້ນວ່າການເຜົາໃຫມ້ເຄາະ: ມັນເປັນອັນຕະລາຍຕໍ່ຫນ່ວຍງານ, ເນື່ອງຈາກວ່າມັນສາມາດເຂົ້າມາໃນກະບອກສູບກັບຄວາມກົດດັນສູງແລະອຸນຫະພູມສູງຫຼາຍ. ປະຫວັດຄວາມເປັນມາຂອງບັນຫາອາດຈະເປັນການເໜັງຕີງຂອງຄຸນນະພາບນ້ຳມັນເຊື້ອໄຟ ຫຼືນ້ຳມັນເຊື້ອໄຟ octane ຕ່ຳ. ເຊັນເຊີເຄາະຈະກວດພົບຂໍ້ມູນທີ່ເຫມາະສົມແລະສົ່ງຕໍ່ໄປຫາການຈັດການເຄື່ອງຈັກເອເລັກໂຕຣນິກ. ຢູ່ທີ່ນັ້ນພວກເຂົາຖືກປຽບທຽບກັບຂໍ້ກໍາຫນົດ. ຫຼັງຈາກນັ້ນ, ຈໍານວນການສັກຢາແລະເວລາຈະຖືກແກ້ໄຂແລະການເຜົາໄຫມ້ໄດ້ຖືກປັບເພື່ອບໍ່ໃຫ້ການເຜົາໃຫມ້ເຄາະຮ້າຍອີກຕໍ່ໄປ.

ກິໂລວັດ

KW ແມ່ນຕົວຫຍໍ້ຂອງກິໂລວັດ. ຫນ່ວຍນີ້ແມ່ນພະລັງງານຂອງເຄື່ອງຈັກ.

ອິນເຕີເຢັນ

ໃນເຄື່ອງຈັກ turbocharged ຫຼື supercharged, intercooler ມີຫນ້າທີ່ທີ່ສໍາຄັນ. ມັນບີບອັດອາກາດແລະໃນທີ່ສຸດຍັງຮັບປະກັນການປະຕິບັດທີ່ດີກວ່າ. ໂດຍພື້ນຖານແລ້ວ, ໃນເຄື່ອງຈັກທີ່ມີ turbochargers ອາຍແກັສໄອເສຍຫຼືເຄື່ອງບີບອັດ, ອັນທີ່ເອີ້ນວ່າຄວາມກົດດັນກະຕຸ້ນແມ່ນຖືກສ້າງຂຶ້ນໃນທໍ່ຮັບຂອງເຄື່ອງຈັກ. ອາກາດທີ່ຖືກບີບອັດຮ້ອນຂຶ້ນ - ແຕ່ອາກາດອົບອຸ່ນມີປະລິມານທີ່ໃຫຍ່ກວ່າອາກາດເຢັນ. intercooler ເຮັດຄວາມເຢັນຂອງອາກາດທີ່ໄດ້ຮັບກ່ອນທີ່ຈະເຂົ້າໄປໃນຫ້ອງເຜົາໃຫມ້, ດັ່ງນັ້ນການເພີ່ມລະດັບຂອງການຕື່ມ - ມັນເຫມາະກັບອາກາດເຢັນຫຼາຍກ່ວາອາກາດອົບອຸ່ນເຂົ້າໄປໃນຫ້ອງເຜົາໃຫມ້.

ນ້ຳມັນເຄື່ອງ

ເພື່ອຮັບປະກັນການແລ່ນຂອງລົດໄດ້ງ່າຍ ແລະ ປ້ອງກັນຄວາມຮ້ອນເກີນ, ເຄື່ອງຈັກທັງໝົດມີນໍ້າມັນທີ່ພຽງພໍ. ນອກເຫນືອໄປຈາກການຫລໍ່ລື່ນຂອງອົງປະກອບສ່ວນບຸກຄົນໃນເຄື່ອງຈັກ, ນ້ໍາມັນຍັງໃຊ້ເວລາໃນໄລຍະວຽກງານຂອງການຜະນຶກເຂົ້າກັນຢູ່ໃນກະບອກສູບລະຫວ່າງຫ້ອງການເຜົາໃຫມ້ແລະທໍ່ນ້ໍາແລະຄວາມເຢັນຂອງເຮືອນຍອດ piston ໄດ້. ເຊັ່ນດຽວກັນ, ນ້ໍາມັນດູດເອົາເງິນຝາກຈາກເຄື່ອງຈັກແລະເຮັດໃຫ້ພວກມັນຢູ່ໃນການລະງັບ. ເຫຼົ່ານີ້ຖືກລ້າງອອກໃນລະຫວ່າງການປ່ຽນນ້ໍາມັນປົກກະຕິ. ມີນ້ໍາມັນປະເພດດຽວທີ່ໃຊ້ໃນລະດູຫນາວເທົ່ານັ້ນ, ແລະມີນ້ໍາມັນຫຼາຍຊັ້ນທີ່ເຫມາະສົມກັບລະດູຮ້ອນແລະລະດູຫນາວ.

ເລກ octane

ຕົວເລກ octane ສະແດງເຖິງຄວາມຕ້ານທານການເຄາະ (ຄວາມຕ້ານທານຕໍ່ການເຜົາໄຫມ້ອັດຕະໂນມັດ) ຂອງນໍ້າມັນເຊື້ອໄຟ. ຈໍານວນ octane ສູງ, ຄວາມທົນທານຕໍ່ການເຄາະຫຼາຍແມ່ນນໍ້າມັນເຊື້ອໄຟ. ສໍາລັບຕົວຢ່າງ, ຈໍານວນ octane ຂອງ OZ = 95 ຂອງນໍ້າມັນແອັດຊັງຈະຫມາຍຄວາມວ່າການຕໍ່ຕ້ານການລົບຂອງນໍ້າມັນແອັດຊັງກົງກັບປະສົມຂອງ 95% isooctane ແລະ 5% n-heptane. ຫນຶ່ງສາມາດຈໍາແນກລະຫວ່າງຕົວເລກ octane ທີ່ແຕກຕ່າງກັນ: ROZ = ການຄົ້ນຄວ້າ - (ຄົ້ນຄ້ວາ) ເລກ octane, MOZ = ເລກ octane ຂອງເຄື່ອງຈັກ, SOZ = ເລກ octane ຖະຫນົນແລະ FOZ = ຕົວເລກ octane ດ້ານຫນ້າ.

ການກັ່ນຕອງນ້ໍາມັນ

ເຄື່ອງຈັກຕ້ອງການນ້ໍາມັນສໍາລັບການເຮັດວຽກຂອງມັນ. ແນວໃດກໍ່ຕາມ, ການເຜົາໃຫມ້ຕົກຄ້າງອາດມີຢູ່ໃນນ້ຳມັນນີ້. ການກັ່ນຕອງນ້ໍາມັນການກັ່ນຕອງສິ່ງເສດເຫຼືອເຫຼົ່ານີ້ອອກ.

ການ​ປ່ຽນ​ແປງ​ນ​້​ໍາ​ມັນ​

ນ້ ຳ ມັນທີ່ ຈຳ ເປັນໃນເຄື່ອງຈັກກໍ່ເປື້ອນພາຍຫຼັງບາງເວລາ. ແຕ່ເພື່ອໃຫ້ເຄື່ອງຈັກເຮັດວຽກໄດ້ດີ, ນ້ໍາມັນຕ້ອງໄດ້ຮັບການປ່ຽນຫຼັງຈາກໄລຍະເວລາທີ່ແນ່ນອນ. ໄລຍະເວລາສໍາລັບການປ່ຽນແປງນ້ໍາມັນແມ່ນສະແດງໂດຍ mileage. ຍານພາຫະນະທີ່ທັນສະໄຫມຕ້ອງການພຽງແຕ່ທຸກໆ 30,000 ຫຼືພຽງແຕ່ທຸກໆ 50,000 ກິໂລແມັດເພື່ອປ່ຽນນ້ໍາມັນ. ລົດຫຼາຍຄັນຍັງສາມາດຄິດໄລ່ໄລຍະການບໍລິການດ້ວຍຕົວມັນເອງ ແລະເຂົ້າສູ່ລະບົບດ້ວຍຄອມພິວເຕີເທິງຍົນດ້ວຍຕົວມັນເອງ.

ເຕັກ​ໂນ​ໂລ​ຊີ Piezo​

ມີຫົວສີດ ແລະ ເທັກໂນໂລຍີ piezo ທີ່ເອີ້ນວ່າ piezo, ເຊິ່ງແມ່ນໃຫ້ຢູ່ໃນລົດໃນການສີດນໍ້າມັນສໍາລັບການຄວບຄຸມທີ່ຖືກຕ້ອງແລະໄວກວ່າ. ແຕ່ເຕັກນິກ piezo ຍັງຖືກນໍາໃຊ້ຢູ່ບ່ອນອື່ນ. ເຫຼົ່ານີ້ລວມມີລະບົບບ່ອນຈອດລົດສໍາລັບການວັດແທກໄລຍະທາງຫຼືປຸ່ມກົດເອເລັກໂຕຣນິກ. ອີງຕາມຂໍ້ມູນໂທລະພາບ, ເຕັກນິກການ piezo ແມ່ນອີງໃສ່ອັນທີ່ເອີ້ນວ່າຜົນກະທົບ piezoelectric: ຖ້າແຮງດັນໄຟຟ້າຖືກນໍາໃຊ້ກັບໄປເຊຍກັນທີ່ແນ່ນອນ, ຫຼັງຈາກນັ້ນພວກມັນຈະປະຕິກິລິຍາກັບແຮງດັນກົນຈັກ. ໃນການປະຕິບັດ, ນີ້ຫມາຍຄວາມວ່າອັນທີ່ເອີ້ນວ່າ piezo actuators ໃນການສີດຂະຫຍາຍຫຼືສັນຍາໄວເທົ່າທີ່ເປັນໄປໄດ້ໂດຍການໃຊ້ແຮງດັນໄຟຟ້າແລະດັ່ງນັ້ນພຽງແຕ່ອະນຸຍາດໃຫ້ສີດທີ່ຖືກຕ້ອງໂດຍສະເພາະ.

pleuel

ອົງປະກອບເຊື່ອມຕໍ່ໃນເຄື່ອງຈັກລະຫວ່າງ piston ແລະ crankshaft ຖືກເອີ້ນວ່າ rod ເຊື່ອມຕໍ່. ມັນໂອນແຮງທີ່ສ້າງຂຶ້ນໃນລະຫວ່າງວົງຈອນການເຜົາໃຫມ້, ຈາກ piston ຜ່ານ pin piston ກັບ crankshaft. ສໍາລັບເຄື່ອງຈັກຊຸດຂະຫນາດໃຫຍ່, ເຊືອກເຊື່ອມຕໍ່ປົກກະຕິແລ້ວແມ່ນເຮັດດ້ວຍເຫຼັກກ້າທີ່ມີຄວາມເຂັ້ມແຂງສູງ. ໃນບາງເຄື່ອງຈັກໃນລົດຈັກແລະລົດກິລາ, ໃນທາງກົງກັນຂ້າມ, ເຊືອກເຊື່ອມຕໍ່ titanium ແມ່ນໃຊ້. Titanium ມີຄວາມເຂັ້ມແຂງ tensile ປະມານດຽວກັນກັບເຫຼັກກ້າ, ແຕ່ແຮງໂນ້ມຖ່ວງສະເພາະຂອງຕົນແມ່ນຫຼາຍກ່ວາ 40 ເປີເຊັນຕ່ໍາກວ່າເຫຼັກກ້າທີ່ມີຄວາມເຂັ້ມແຂງສູງ. ດ້ວຍການອອກແບບທີ່ເຫມາະສົມ, ເຊືອກເຊື່ອມຕໍ່ສາມາດຖືກສ້າງຂື້ນຫຼາຍກວ່າເກົ່າແລະປະກອບສ່ວນເຂົ້າໃນການຫຼຸດຜ່ອນນ້ໍາຫນັກຂອງລົດກິລາທີ່ຕ້ອງການ.

hp

ສໍາລັບຄົນຂັບລົດບາງຄົນ, ສິ່ງທີ່ສໍາຄັນທີ່ສຸດກ່ຽວກັບລົດ. PS ກ່າວວ່າກໍາລັງມ້າ. ໃນຂະນະດຽວກັນ, ຫນ່ວຍບໍລິການ PS, ແນວໃດກໍ່ຕາມ, ທົດແທນໂດຍກິໂລວັດ (KW).

ຫົວປ້ຳ

ລະບົບ pump-nozzle ແມ່ນການສີດນໍ້າມັນພິເສດໃນເຄື່ອງຈັກລົດ. ອີງຕາມໂທລະພາບ Nord ໃນ Hanover, ລະບົບນີ້ມີອົງປະກອບປັ໊ມຫົວຫົວຂອງຕົນເອງສໍາລັບແຕ່ລະກະບອກຂອງເຄື່ອງຈັກ, ເຊິ່ງປະກອບດ້ວຍສ່ວນປັ໊ມ, ສ່ວນຫົວສອກແລະປ່ຽງ solenoid. ແຕ່ລະຫນ່ວຍຈະສີດນໍ້າມັນເຊື້ອໄຟໃນປະລິມານທີ່ປະສານງານໃນເວລາທີ່ຊັດເຈນຢູ່ໃນຫ້ອງເຜົາໃຫມ້. ລະບົບອະນຸຍາດໃຫ້ມີຄວາມກົດດັນສູງສີດ, ເຖິງແມ່ນວ່າບໍ່ມີສາຍສີດຄວາມກົດດັນສູງປົກກະຕິ. ໃນບັນດາຂໍ້ດີຂອງເຕັກໂນໂລຢີໃນການປຽບທຽບກັບລະບົບສີດອື່ນໆ, ໃນບັນດາສິ່ງອື່ນໆ, ການບໍລິໂພກນໍ້າມັນທີ່ຕໍ່າກວ່າທີ່ມີຜົນຜະລິດພະລັງງານທີ່ດີກວ່າ.

ການກັ່ນຕອງອະນຸພາກ soot

ພວກມັນຢູ່ເທິງປາກຂອງທຸກໆຄົນຍ້ອນການປຶກສາຫາລືກັນກ່ຽວກັບເລື່ອງອະນຸພາກ: ການກັ່ນຕອງອະນຸພາກ soot ແມ່ນໃຊ້ເພື່ອກໍາຈັດອະນຸພາກແຂງ carcinogenic ໃນທາດອາຍຜິດຂອງເຄື່ອງຈັກກາຊວນ. ອີງຕາມການໂທລະພາບ Nord ໃນ Hanover, ການແກ້ໄຂທີ່ດີທີ່ສຸດມາເຖິງຕອນນັ້ນແມ່ນອັນທີ່ເອີ້ນວ່າການກັ່ນຕອງ monolith ceramic. ໃນທີ່ນີ້, ທາດອາຍພິດໄຫຼຜ່ານໂຄງສ້າງທີ່ມີຮູຂຸມຂົນທີ່ມີຮູບໄຂ່ຂອງເຄື່ອງກອງ, ເຊິ່ງອະນຸພາກຈະຖືກຝາກໄວ້ໃນຮູຂຸມຂົນ. ເພື່ອປ້ອງກັນການອຸດຕັນຂອງການກັ່ນຕອງ, ມັນຕ້ອງໄດ້ຮັບການ "ສ້າງໃຫມ່" ໃນຊ່ວງເວລາທີ່ແນ່ນອນ, ນັ້ນແມ່ນການເຮັດຄວາມສະອາດ.

ປາດຖະຫນາຕາມທໍາມະຊາດ

ເຄື່ອງຈັກໃນການເຜົາໃຫມ້ຕາມທໍາມະຊາດແມ່ນຊື່ຂອງເຄື່ອງຈັກໃນການເຜົາໃຫມ້ພາຍໃນ. ໃນເຄື່ອງຈັກທີ່ດູດຊືມຕາມທໍາມະຊາດ, ນໍ້າມັນບໍ່ໄດ້ຖືກສີດເຂົ້າໄປໃນຫ້ອງເຜົາໃຫມ້, ແຕ່ລູກສູບດູດມັນ. ເປັນທີ່ຮູ້ຈັກເຄື່ອງຈັກ bsp. ເປັນກາຊວນດູດ ກົງກັນຂ້າມກັບການສີດໂດຍກົງກາຊວນທີ່ທັນສະໄຫມ.

ລະບົບສາຍສົ່ງຄູ່ມື

ໃນທາງກົງກັນຂ້າມກັບລະບົບສາຍສົ່ງອັດຕະໂນມັດ, ຜູ້ຂັບຂີ່ຕ້ອງປະຕິບັດການປ່ຽນຕົວເອງໃນລະບົບສາຍສົ່ງຄູ່ມື. ເພື່ອເຮັດສິ່ງນີ້, ນອກເຫນືອຈາກເບກແລະ throttle, ລາວຍັງຕ້ອງກະຕຸ້ນ clutch. ດ້ວຍການສົ່ງໄຟຟ້າ, ພະລັງງານຂອງເຄື່ອງຈັກແມ່ນຜ່ານ.

ການ​ຕັດ​ໄຟ​

ການຕັດນໍ້າມັນເຊື້ອໄຟໃນລົດແມ່ນໃຊ້ເພື່ອຫຼຸດຜ່ອນການບໍລິໂພກນໍ້າມັນ ແລະການປ່ອຍອາຍພິດ. ໂດຍພື້ນຖານແລ້ວ, ຄໍາວ່າການຕັດນໍ້າມັນແມ່ນເຂົ້າໃຈວ່າຫມາຍເຖິງການຫຼຸດຜ່ອນເປົ້າຫມາຍຫຼືການຂັດຂວາງການສະຫນອງນໍ້າມັນເຊື້ອໄຟຂອງເຄື່ອງຈັກເຜົາໃຫມ້ພາຍໃນໃນອັນທີ່ເອີ້ນວ່າໂຫມດຍູ້. ສໍາລັບການ overrun ມັນມາ, ສໍາລັບການຍົກຕົວຢ່າງ, ໃນເວລາທີ່ Gaswegnehmen, ຫ້າມລໍ້ຫຼືໃນເວລາທີ່ຂັບລົດລົງຄ້ອຍ - ຍານພາຫະນະຫຼັງຈາກນັ້ນບໍ່ມີຕໍ່ໄປອີກແລ້ວແລ່ນໂດຍພະລັງງານເຄື່ອງຈັກ, ແຕ່ໄດ້ຖືກຍ້າຍໄປຂ້າງຫນ້າໂດຍ inertia ຂອງຕົນຫຼືຄວາມຊັນ.

ການສັ່ນສະເທືອນ Giro ແມັດ

ຊື່ທີ່ຍາກ, ເກືອບບໍ່ສາມາດເວົ້າໄດ້. ຢ່າງໃດກໍຕາມ, ລາວເປັນສິ່ງທີ່ຂາດບໍ່ໄດ້ໃນລົດສໍາລັບລະບົບທີ່ແນ່ນອນ. ລະບົບນໍາທາງທີ່ຕິດຕັ້ງຢ່າງຖາວອນແລະໂຄງການສະຖຽນລະພາບທາງເອເລັກໂຕຣນິກ (ESP) ເຮັດວຽກໂດຍການຊ່ວຍເຫຼືອຂອງອັນທີ່ເອີ້ນວ່າ vibrating girometer. girometer ໂດຍພື້ນຖານແລ້ວໃຫ້ບໍລິການໃນການກວດສອບມຸມຂອງການຫມຸນ - ການປ່ຽນແປງຮອບແກນຕັ້ງຂອງຍານພາຫະນະ - ອັນທີ່ເອີ້ນວ່າມຸມ yaw. ອຸ​ປະ​ກອນ​ໂດຍ​ພື້ນ​ຖານ​ການ​ຕິດ​ຕາມ​ຕໍາ​ແຫນ່ງ​ຂອງ​ລົດ​ເຊັ່ນ​: ເຂັມ​ທິດ​ແລະ​ການ​ບັນ​ທຶກ​ການ​ເຮັດ​ທຸກ​, ອະ​ທິ​ບາຍ TV Nord ໃນ Hanover​. ໃນລະບົບນໍາທາງ, ຟັງຊັນນີ້ຖືກນໍາໃຊ້ເພື່ອສະຫນັບສະຫນູນການຊອກຄົ້ນຫາເສັ້ນທາງ - ໃນບັນດາສິ່ງອື່ນໆ, ສໍາລັບຕົວຢ່າງ, ໃນອຸໂມງ, ບໍ່ມີການເຊື່ອມຕໍ່ດາວທຽມ. ໃນທາງກົງກັນຂ້າມ, ເຄື່ອງຄິດເລກ ESP ດຶງບົດສະຫຼຸບຈາກຂໍ້ມູນກ່ຽວກັບການແຊກແຊງເບກທີ່ມີຄວາມຈໍາເປັນທີ່ເປັນໄປໄດ້.

ກາຊວນ

ຍານພາຫະນະກາຊວນແມ່ນຍັງເອີ້ນວ່າ "ເຄື່ອງເຜົາໄຫມ້ດ້ວຍຕົນເອງ", ເພາະວ່ານໍ້າມັນເຊື້ອໄຟຈະຕິດໄຟໂດຍອັດຕະໂນມັດໃນອາກາດທີ່ບີບອັດແລະຮ້ອນຫຼາຍ. ໃນທາງກົງກັນຂ້າມກັບເຄື່ອງຈັກນໍ້າມັນແອັດຊັງ, ກາຊວນສາມາດແຈກຢາຍດ້ວຍຫົວທຽນ. ກາຊວນມີພຽງປລັກສຽບໄຟທີ່ຮັບປະກັນອຸນຫະພູມທີ່ເຫມາະສົມໃນລະຫວ່າງການເລີ່ມຕົ້ນເຢັນ. ເຄື່ອງຈັກກາຊວນແມ່ນຕັ້ງຊື່ຕາມຜູ້ປະດິດສ້າງ Rudolf Diesel.

Seqünzielles ລະບົບສາຍສົ່ງຄູ່ມື

ໃນລະບົບສາຍສົ່ງseqünziellenທີ່ທັນສະໄຫມຢູ່ໃນລົດ, ຂະບວນການສະຫຼັບແມ່ນກະຕຸ້ນໂດຍປຸ່ມຫຼືອັນທີ່ເອີ້ນວ່າ paddles ສຸດພວງມາໄລ. ນີ້ແກ້ໄຂປ່ຽງ solenoid ດ້ວຍໄຟຟ້າ, ເຊິ່ງກະຕຸ້ນທັງການກະຕຸ້ນລະບົບໄຮໂດຼລິກຂອງ clutch ແລະການສະຫຼັບຕົວມັນເອງ, ອະທິບາຍ TV Nord ໃນ Hanover. ທາງເລືອກຂອງ aisle ແມ່ນຄວບຄຸມໂດຍເອເລັກໂຕຣນິກ. ໃນບາງລັກສະນະ, ມັນເປັນໄປໄດ້ທີ່ຈະເລືອກເອົາລະຫວ່າງໂຄງການສະຫຼັບທີ່ແຕກຕ່າງກັນ, ສໍາລັບການຍົກຕົວຢ່າງ, ສະພາບລະດູຫນາວ, ໂດຍສະເພາະແມ່ນການປະຫຍັດພະລັງງານຫຼືຮູບແບບການຂັບລົດກິລາສາມາດໄດ້ຮັບການພິຈາລະນາ.

TDCI

ໃນຖານະເປັນ TDCI Ford ເອີ້ນວ່າ turbodiesel ສັກຢາໂດຍກົງຂອງຕົນ.

TDI

ການອອກແບບກຸ່ມ VW (Audi, ບ່ອນນັ່ງ, Skoda, VW) ສໍາລັບ turbodiesel ການສັກຢາໂດຍກົງ. ຄຳ ສັບດັ່ງກ່າວຖືກປົກປ້ອງ, ນັ້ນແມ່ນເຫດຜົນທີ່ຜູ້ຜະລິດອື່ນໆອາດຈະບໍ່ໃຊ້ຕົວຫຍໍ້ນີ້.

ການຄວບຄຸມ Cruise

ການຄວບຄຸມການລ່ອງເຮືອ - ເອີ້ນວ່າລະບົບຄວບຄຸມຄວາມໄວ - ຮັບປະກັນວ່າຍານພາຫະນະຮັກສາຄວາມໄວເມື່ອເລືອກ. ເບກບໍ່ໄດ້ຮັບຜົນກະທົບ.

Turbocharger ແລະ compressor

ລົດທີ່ມີ turbochargers ຫຼື compressor ໄວກວ່າບໍ? ຄໍາຕອບທີ່ງ່າຍດາຍແມ່ນວ່າພວກເຂົາຖືກນໍາໃຊ້ໃນລົດເພື່ອເພີ່ມກໍາລັງເຄື່ອງຈັກ. ແຕ່ສິ່ງທີ່ແນ່ນອນແມ່ນ turbocharger ແລະ compressor? ໂດຍພື້ນຖານແລ້ວ, ແຕ່ລະແນວຄວາມຄິດທີ່ຢູ່ເບື້ອງຫລັງເຄື່ອງຈັກໃນການສະຫນອງອາກາດເຜົາໃຫມ້ຫຼາຍຫຼືປະສົມນໍ້າມັນເຊື້ອໄຟ. ໃນ turbocharger ອາຍແກັສໄອເສຍ, ພະລັງງານຂອງອາຍແກັສໄອເສຍຂອງເຄື່ອງຈັກແມ່ນໄດ້ຖືກນໍາໃຊ້ເພື່ອຂັບລົດ turbine ລໍ້ທີ່ແລ່ນຢູ່ໃນ shaft ທົ່ວໄປທີ່ມີລໍ້ compressor ທີ່ເອີ້ນວ່າ. ລໍ້ນີ້ pushes ອາກາດໄດ້ຮັບເຂົ້າໄປໃນຫ້ອງເຜົາໃຫມ້ຂອງເຄື່ອງຈັກ. turbine ບັນລຸຄວາມໄວຫຼາຍກ່ວາ 100,000 ຮອບຕໍ່ນາທີ. ບໍ່ເຫມືອນກັບ turbochargers ສະຫາຍ, ປົກກະຕິແລ້ວເຄື່ອງອັດແມ່ນຂັບເຄື່ອນໂດຍກົງໂດຍ crankshaft ຫຼືສາຍແອວ, ສະນັ້ນພວກເຂົາເຈົ້າຍັງດູດຊຶມບາງສ່ວນຂອງພະລັງງານຂອງເຄື່ອງຈັກ. ພວກເຂົາເຈົ້າຕອບສະຫນອງໂດຍກົງກັບຄວາມໄວທີ່ຕ້ອງການເພີ່ມຂຶ້ນ, ເປັນ turbocharger ສະຫາຍ. ການພັດທະນາທີ່ທັນສະໄຫມນໍາໃຊ້ເຄື່ອງໂຫຼດກົນຈັກທີ່ຂັບເຄື່ອນດ້ວຍມໍເຕີໄຟຟ້າ. ການສູນເສຍພະລັງງານປົກກະຕິບໍ່ໄດ້ເກີດຂຶ້ນຢູ່ທີ່ນີ້.

TUV

ຕົວຈິງແລ້ວ TÜV ກໍານົດສະມາຄົມການກວດກາດ້ານວິຊາການ. ໂດຍທົ່ວໄປແລ້ວ, ນີ້ຍັງຫມາຍເຖິງການສືບສວນຕົ້ນຕໍ, ເຊິ່ງມີກໍານົດໃນທຸກໆສອງປີແລະ TÜV ຫຼື DEKRA ຄອບຄອງ.

ວາວ

ວາວສາມາດພົບເຫັນຢູ່ໃນເຄື່ອງຈັກໃນກະບອກສູບ. ໃນທາງກົງກັນຂ້າມ, ພວກເຂົາເຈົ້າອະນຸຍາດໃຫ້ອາກາດສໍາລັບການເຜົາໃຫມ້ແລະ, ໃນອີກດ້ານຫນຶ່ງ, ທາດອາຍຜິດອອກອີກເທື່ອຫນຶ່ງ.

ເຄື່ອງຈັກສີ່ຈັງຫວະ

ເຄື່ອງຈັກສີ່ຈັງຫວະແມ່ນລາຍລະອຽດຂອງການເຮັດວຽກຂອງມໍເຕີ. ເຄື່ອງຈັກທີ່ທັນສະ ໄໝ ເຮັດວຽກຫຼັງຈາກສີ່ຮອບເຫຼົ່ານີ້: ດູດອາກາດບີບອັດອາກາດເຮັດໃຫ້ fumes ເຊື້ອໄຟອອກມາ.

ປັ໊ມກ່ອນການສະຫນອງ

ມື້ນີ້ລະບົບ CommonRail ໃຊ້ປໍ້ານໍ້າມັນກ່ອນອາຫານສຳລັບການສີດນໍ້າມັນໃນເຄື່ອງຈັກກາຊວນ. ປັ໊ມ prefeed ສົ່ງນໍ້າມັນຈາກຖັງພາຍໃຕ້ຄວາມກົດດັນເລັກນ້ອຍເຂົ້າໄປໃນອ່າງເກັບນ້ໍາປັ໊ມທີ່ເອີ້ນວ່າ. ຈາກນັ້ນ, ປັ໊ມທີ່ມີຄວາມກົດດັນສູງໄດ້ຖືກສະຫນອງ, ເຊິ່ງຫຼັງຈາກນັ້ນບີບອັດນໍ້າມັນເພື່ອໃຫ້ມັນໄດ້ຮັບຄວາມກົດດັນສີດທີ່ຈໍາເປັນສໍາລັບການເຜົາໃຫມ້.

Preheating

ເພື່ອເລີ່ມຕົ້ນການເຄື່ອງຈັກກາຊວນເປັນຂອງອັນທີ່ເອີ້ນວ່າທາງສ່ວນຫນ້າຂອງ gliding, ມະນຸດຕ່າງດາວກັບເຄື່ອງຈັກ gasoline. ເຫດຜົນສໍາລັບການນີ້ແມ່ນວ່າໃນເວລາທີ່ເຢັນເລີ່ມຕົ້ນກາຊວນ, ອຸນຫະພູມບັນລຸໃນຂະບວນການບີບອັດ Entzönden ນໍ້າມັນເຊື້ອໄຟບໍ່ພຽງພໍ. ດັ່ງນັ້ນການປະສົມຕ້ອງໄດ້ຮັບການ preheated. ວຽກ​ງານ​ນີ້​ແມ່ນ​ປະ​ຕິ​ບັດ​ໂດຍ​ສຽບ glow​, ເຊິ່ງ protrude ເຂົ້າ​ໄປ​ໃນ​ຫ້ອງ​ການ​ເຜົາ​ໃຫມ້​ໄດ້​. ສ່ວນໜຶ່ງຂອງນໍ້າມັນເຊື້ອໄຟທີ່ສີດແລ້ວຈະລະເຫີຍຢູ່ປາຍປລັກໄຟຮ້ອນໆ ແລະໄຟໄໝ້. ໃນໄລຍະຜ່ານມາ, ຂະບວນການVorgülhໃຊ້ເວລາຫຼາຍນາທີ, ມີຍານພາຫະນະທີ່ທັນສະໄຫມພຽງແຕ່ສອງສາມວິນາທີ.

ສາຍແອວແຂ້ວ

ຄົນຂັບລົດກາຊວນຮູ້ບັນຫາ: ບໍ່ສາມາດປະເມີນອາຍຸຂອງສາຍແອວທີ່ມີແຂ້ວເລື່ອຍເກີນໄປ - ນີ້ສາມາດສົ່ງຜົນສະທ້ອນເຖິງຕາຍໄດ້. ສາຍແອວກໍານົດເວລາແມ່ນໃນບັນດາພາກສ່ວນທີ່ໃຊ້ຫຼາຍທີ່ສຸດຢູ່ໃນຫ້ອງເຄື່ອງຈັກຂອງລົດ. ດັ່ງນັ້ນ, ມັນໄດ້ເຂົ້າມາໃນອະດີດອີກເທື່ອຫນຶ່ງແລະອີກເທື່ອຫນຶ່ງເພື່ອ toothed belt breaks, ເຊິ່ງປົກກະຕິແລ້ວມີຄວາມເສຍຫາຍເຄື່ອງຈັກທີ່ສໍາຄັນ. ຜູ້ຜະລິດເຄື່ອງຈັກກໍາລັງແກ້ໄຂບັນຫານີ້ໃນມື້ນີ້ດ້ວຍສາຍແອວກໍານົດເວລາທີ່ກວ້າງຂວາງທີ່ມີໂຄງສ້າງຍ່ອຍທີ່ເສີມສ້າງ. ການຫຼຸດໄລຍະການປ່ຽນແທນຂອງສາຍແອວແຂ້ວຄວນປ້ອງກັນຄວາມເສຍຫາຍທີ່ເປັນໄປໄດ້. ໂດຍພື້ນຖານແລ້ວ, ສາຍແອວແຂ້ວເລື່ອຍຖືກນໍາໃຊ້ເພື່ອຂັບລົດອັນທີ່ເອີ້ນວ່າການຝຶກອົບຮົມວາວ, ດັ່ງນັ້ນໂດຍສະເພາະແມ່ນ camshaft. ປັ໊ມສີດຍັງສາມາດຖືກຂັບເຄື່ອນດ້ວຍສາຍແອວຂອງແຂ້ວ.

ເຄື່ອງຈັກສອງຈັງຫວະ

ເຄື່ອງຈັກສອງຈັງຫວະໃນປັດຈຸບັນແມ່ນອອກຈາກຄົນອັບເດດ:. ເຫດຜົນ: ພວກເຂົາພຽງແຕ່ບໍລິໂພກຫຼາຍເກີນໄປ. ຢ່າງໃດກໍຕາມ, ຍ້ອນວ່າພວກເຂົາມີຂະຫນາດກະທັດລັດ, ເຄື່ອງຈັກສອງຈັງຫວະຍັງຖືກນໍາໃຊ້ໃນ mopeds, ແຕ່ບໍ່ແມ່ນໃນລົດ. ອັນນີ້ສ່ວນໃຫຍ່ແມ່ນຍ້ອນວ່າພວກມັນບໍລິໂພກນໍ້າມັນຫຼາຍກວ່າເຄື່ອງຈັກ 4 ຈັງຫວະ ແລະ ປ່ອຍມົນລະພິດຫຼາຍ - ໂດຍສະເພາະໄຮໂດຄາບອນ. ນີ້ອະທິບາຍ TV Nord ໃນ Hannover. ເນື່ອງຈາກການອອກແບບທີ່ຫນາແຫນ້ນແລະນ້ໍາຫນັກເບົາ, ແນວໃດກໍ່ຕາມ, ເຄື່ອງຈັກສອງຈັງຫວະຍັງຖືກນໍາໃຊ້ໃນຍານພາຫະນະທີ່ມີການເຄື່ອນຍ້າຍຂະຫນາດນ້ອຍ, ຕົວຢ່າງເຊັ່ນໃນ mopeds ແລະ mopeds. ຄໍາວ່າເຄື່ອງຈັກສອງຈັງຫວະແມ່ນເຮັດໃຫ້ເຂົ້າໃຈຜິດ, ອີງຕາມໂທລະພາບ. ເຊັ່ນດຽວກັນກັບເຄື່ອງຈັກສີ່ຈັງຫວະ, ສີ່ວົງຈອນທີ່ເອີ້ນວ່າ (ການກິນ, ການບີບອັດ, ການດໍາເນີນງານ, ໄອເສຍ) ແມ່ນຕ້ອງການສໍາລັບວົງຈອນການເຮັດວຽກຫນຶ່ງ. ຢ່າງໃດກໍຕາມ, ເຄື່ອງຈັກສອງຈັງຫວະຕ້ອງການພຽງແຕ່ຫນຶ່ງການປະຕິວັດ crankshaft, ເຄື່ອງຈັກສີ່ຈັງຫວະຮຽກຮ້ອງໃຫ້ມີການປະຕິວັດສອງຄັ້ງ.

ກະບອກສູບ

ໃນກະບອກສູບ, piston ຂອງເຄື່ອງຈັກເຄື່ອນຍ້າຍຂຶ້ນແລະລົງ. ນອກນັ້ນຍັງມີການເຜົາໃຫມ້ຂອງນໍ້າມັນແທນ. ທົ່ວໄປແມ່ນເຄື່ອງຈັກທີ່ມີສີ່ສູບຫຼືຍານພາຫະນະຂະຫນາດນ້ອຍກວ່າທີ່ມີສາມກະບອກ. ຮຸ່ນລົດຂະຫນາດໃຫຍ່ຍັງມີຫົກ, ແປດ, ສິບຫຼືສິບສອງກະບອກ.

ທໍ່ຫົວກະບອກ

ທໍ່ຫົວກະບອກສູບປະທັບຕາພື້ນທີ່ການຫັນປ່ຽນລະຫວ່າງບລັອກເຄື່ອງຈັກແລະຫົວກະບອກສູບ. ນີ້ຄວນຈະເປັນຊ່ອງນ້ໍານ້ໍາມັນແລະນ້ໍາເຢັນໄດ້ຖືກຜະນຶກເຂົ້າກັນກັບຫ້ອງເຜົາໃຫມ້. ປະທັບຕາຂອງມັນເອງຕ້ອງມີຄວາມສາມາດແລະຄຸນສົມບັດຫຼາຍຢ່າງ. ນີ້ຍັງປະກອບມີຄວາມຕ້ານທານຄວາມຮ້ອນ, ເພື່ອຮັບມືກັບອຸນຫະພູມສູງຂອງຫ້ອງການເຜົາໃຫມ້. ນອກຈາກນັ້ນ, ມັນຕ້ອງເປັນເຄື່ອງເຮັດຄວາມຮ້ອນ, ດັ່ງນັ້ນຄວາມຮ້ອນຂອງຫ້ອງການເຜົາໃຫມ້ທີ່ມາຈາກແລະການສ້າງຕັ້ງອັນທີ່ເອີ້ນວ່ານ້ໍາພຸຮ້ອນແມ່ນຫຼີກເວັ້ນ. ນອກເຫນືອໄປຈາກການຕໍ່ຕ້ານ corrosion ທີ່ຈໍາເປັນແລະການຕໍ່ຕ້ານຄວາມກົດດັນ, ສໍາລັບການຍົກຕົວຢ່າງ, ເພື່ອຫຼີກເວັ້ນການຮົ່ວໄຫຼ. ປະທັບຕາຍັງຕ້ອງມີຄວາມຍືດຫຍຸ່ນ, ດັ່ງນັ້ນຄວາມບໍ່ສະເຫມີພາບແລະການຂະຫຍາຍຄວາມຮ້ອນສາມາດຊົດເຊີຍໄດ້.


Speedkit-Chiptuning ສໍາລັບ

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